Catholic cremation scattering ashes, Preserving the ...

Catholic cremation scattering ashes, Preserving the ashes of the departed in a sacred If Catholics can't have their cremated ashes scattered, why is it okay for the relics of saints to be "scattered" around the world? Read here. The ashes of the dead must not be scattered to the wind, or even kept at home, the Vatican said on Tuesday. Catholics are forbidden from keeping the ashes of cremated loved ones at home, scattering them, dividing them between family members or turning them into mementoes, the Vatican has ruled. — Other The Roman Catholic Church has issued a list of increasingly popular means of commemorating loved one - including scattering their ashes at sea or turning The Catholic Church prohibited cremation until 1963. We offer guidance on how to scatter your loved one's Recently we were asked what the Church’s teaching is regarding the scattering of ashes after cremation. You have a number Catholics may be cremated so long as cremation does not demonstrate a denial of belief in the resurrection of the body (Catechism 2301). Contact us for guidance. Cremains must be kept together and committed in their entirety to an appropriate place of burial. The two The Church’s guidelines on burial, cremation, and ashes are not merely norms but expressions of a profound spirituality that seeks to honor human dignity and hope in resurrection. For a meaningful goodbye, find Burial at Sea in Southern California Coast Services The Church allows cremation but ashes must be kept in a sacred place, cannot be divided between family members, nor can they be scattered in the air, on land, And why do Catholics bury the dead instead of scattering their ashes? Today, Fr. These directions ensure respect for the faithful The Vatican originally answered the question of whether or not cremation was allowed in 1963, but with the increase in its popularity and in practices such as This entry was posted in ashes, ashes, burial law, Church of England, Churchyard Regulations, cremation, exhumation, faculty jurisdiction, Roman Catholic Church, scattering and tagged burial law, The ashes of cremated Catholics cannot be kept at home, scattered or divided among family members, the Vatican has announced in new guidelines. In the eyes of the Church, this is a However, when “the deceased notoriously has requested cremation and the scattering of their ashes for reasons contrary to the Christian faith, a Christian Many of our locations offer scattering gardens, which are designated areas within a cemetery where cremated remains can be respectfully scattered. Recently, the Vatican issued guidelines about cremation and scattering ashes. The scattering itself will take mere moments – it’s The cremated remains should be buried in a grave or entombed in a mausoleum or columbarium. Fulfilling their request of scattering their ashes can help to provide some comfort and solace. In recognition of "All Souls Day," the Vatican has issued new instructions regarding cremation, stating ashes must be placed in a sacred church-approved place. Burial expresses “faith in resurrection of the body. November 7, 2016 This Scattering Ashes Guide will give you expert advice about where & how to scatter, what's legal, and how to run a ceremony. The Church believes that cremated remains should be treated with the same dignity If Catholics can't have their cremated ashes scattered, why is it okay for the relics of saints to be "scattered" around the world? Read here. Here are eleven comforting prayers Whether it is the body of the person or the cremains of the person, Catholics may only be buried in ground that has been designated for the purpose of burial. A young priest at her parish, fresh out of seminary, indicated that such a Cremation and Scattering Remains The document goes on to say that burial reflects “the great dignity of the human body as an integral part of the human person whose body forms part of their identity,” Scattering ashes is also closely entangled with belief in reincarnation, where one sees scattering one’s ashes as liberating the soul so it can animate a new body. Scattering cremated remains can symbolize dispersion and finality rather than eternal life, which are pivotal to the Catholic faith. The instruction reminds Catholics that cremation is not The Church’s Cremation Change There's been a change from the Vatican regarding what Catholics can do with their loved ones' ashes. The Vatican has issued guidelines on cremation, stating that ashes must be buried in a sacred place such as a church The commission is also examining how to ensure that families are not discouraged from burying their relatives simply because of the lower cost of scattering ashes, If they died Catholic but wanted an erroneous burial (scattering ashes), you as the person doing it should not do the erroneous burial because you would expect a Our team of caring planners partner with you in this tender time to ensure a smooth and meaningful cremation, and the option of a memorial service that is as References: Cremation in the Christian World Vatican issues guidelines on cremation, says no to scattering ashes For more detailed . It also offers essential guidelines for the What does the Catholic Church say about keeping ashes? The Vatican announced Tuesday that Catholics may be cremated but should not have their ashes scattered at sea or kept in urns at home. Answer: No. Read more! Losing a loved one is so painful. 30, that his archdiocese had been seeking “to give a Christian response to problems arising from the For this reason, I would like to examine the Church’s teaching on a practice very common in our world today – the scattering or keeping of the The scattering of ashes is forbidden because it is seen as disrespectful to the remains of the deceased. Therefore, Catholics may not scatter the If you’re wondering what prayer to say while spreading ashes, we share prayers and discuss how to choose the right prayer for spreading ashes. In 1963, the 8. VATICAN CITY (RNS) Catholics can be cremated under certain conditions, the Vatican has said, but loved ones should not scatter the ashes at sea or on land Although the scene of Tom scattering the ashes of his son Daniel in the movie The Way may have been dramatic cinema, it was not Catholic. Cremated remains are considered the same as intact bodies – cremation was first permitted Cremation / scattering goes along with an attitude toward the body as something contemptible or at least incidental instead of reverence for a gift that has been sanctified by Baptism and life of Grace Roman Catholic doctrine allows the dead to be cremated, but their ashes cannot be scattered and must be placed in a cemetery or “sacred place,” says a Vatican document approved by Pope Francis and The Catholic Church also frowned upon the resulting spreading of ashes because the practice destroyed and disassembled the body, thus making resurrection an outright impossibility. Today, cremation is allowed, including direct cremation, as long as it aligns with core Catholic beliefs about the body and resurrection. Instead they should be kept in "sacred places" such as a cemetery to show dignity and Your options after cremation: scattering ashes and interment of ashes Scattering ashes on private land is legal, with permission. The funeral director will ask you for instructions about what you want to happen to the ashes after a cremation (you may hear funeral directors refer to ashes as 'cremated remains'). If you only saw the following headlines, you might be confused: Vatican Issues In 2020, Bishop Roderick Pabillo of the Catholic Bishops Conference of the Philippines (CBCP), made it clear in his pastoral instruction that cremains Hence cremation is seen as a legitimate part of how the Catholic Church understands and celebrates the death of a Catholic Christian. The Vatican has ruled that Catholics who want to be cremated cannot have their ashes scattered or kept at home, but for many, the disposal of ashes, either The ashes of the dead must not be scattered to the wind, or even kept at home, the Vatican said on Tuesday. Grandma on the mantle? “Okay, maybe we can’t scatter the The ban includes the scattering of ashes and the division of ashes among family members and states that descendants who have requested that their ashes be The Vatican issues new instructions on what must happen to the ashes of Catholics who choose cremation over burial, saying "new ideas contrary to the Church's In a surprise Vatican ruling for many Catholics, the Church has declared at Catholic are forbidden from keeping the ashes of cremated loved ones at home, Here is the answer to Kristine’s question. Clooney, S. These spaces will serve as dedicated areas for the cremains of multiple individuals, akin to ossuaries, where names and identities of the deceased are respectfully The Vatican’s Guidelines on cremation and ashes conservation give Catholics clear rules about handling remains. Faith In All Things Can Catholics reconcile scattering ashes and the resurrection? by Francis X. In the eyes of the Church, this is a type of desecration and is looked upon as a sign of disrespect to the What should Catholics do with ashes? The Vatican announced Tuesday that Catholics may be cremated but should not have their ashes scattered at sea or kept in urns at home. The Catholic Church has strict guidelines on the disposal of human ashes, and scattering them is generally considered a sin. No. Ash scattering vs keeping: Explore the emotional and practical realities of both choices. This ash scattering ceremony guide covers essential do’s and don’ts. According to the Catholic Church, scattering of ashes is a type of desecration and is The first question, then, was: “Taking into account the canonical prohibition against scattering the ashes of the deceased, is it possible to prepare a defined and The CBCP’s rule is similar to a 2016 instruction released by the Vatican, forbidding Catholics from taking home the ashes of their loved ones, scattering ashes, or The CBCP’s rule is similar to a 2016 instruction released by the Vatican, forbidding Catholics from taking home the ashes of their loved ones, scattering ashes, or Cindy asked: Is it ok if you are cremated to have your ashes scattered? Patrick Madrid replied: "The Church allows now for cremation. Dividing ashes, keeping them at home or scattering on land or at sea is not permitted. Mike connects the dignity of the human person to the dignity of the body in death. The Australian Catholic Bishops welcome a new document from the Vatican’s Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith published today, 25 October 2016, regarding burying the deceased and The Roman Catholic Church permits cremation as long as the motivation for it doesn’t conflict with Christian teaching. A small part of a dead person's cremated ashes may be stored in a place that was dear to them rather than in a church or cemetery, the Vatican said on Tuesday, Catholics must keep cremains intact, lay them to rest in a sacred space, and maintain full respect for the body. The Vatican has said that Catholics who want to be cremated cannot have their ashes scattered or kept at home. Most people think about what to say prior to scattering the ashes. Can Catholic ashes be split? The Church no longer opposes cremation, but it does offer guidelines on how the ashes should be cared for following cremation. This cements a core principle of our faith – the belief in resurrection. In addition, scattering the ashes would not The ashes must be treated with the same respect and dignity as human body and be housed in sacred places. Prior to this Cremation was seen to be anti-Christian in intention. Additionally, housing Release of the new document has prompted many Catholics to ask whether it changes any regulations about cremation. This multi-part series In our Scattering Ashes at Sea Guide, we cover the types of ceremonies available, prayers & poems, regulations, using the right scattering urns, & more. J. It is a very personal and emotional experience, and often people are not sure what to say Catholics who want to be cremated cannot have their ashes scattered, divvied up or kept at home, the Vatican has ruled. Thomas More Church and Clergy will not participate in the division of the cremated remains among family members, scattering in bodies of water or It prevents the faithful departed from being forgotten, or their remains from being shown a lack of respect” (n. Why Can’t Catholics Spread Their Ashes? Understanding the Church’s Teaching on Cremation The Catholic Church prohibits scattering cremated remains because it violates the reverence due to the While the Catholic Church continues to prefer burial in the ground, it accepts cremation as an option, but forbids the scattering of ashes and the growing — Practices such as scattering the cremated remains over water or from the air or keeping the cremated remains at home are not considered reverent forms of disposition that the Church requires. Grant N. Read more here. : Entombment of ashes is expensive; is Catholics can be cremated under certain conditions, the Vatican has said, but loved ones should not scatter the ashes at sea or on land or into the wind, nor should they keep them in mementos or jewelry. In new guidelines the Church said Other ways of disposing of bodies, as by cremation and the scattering of ashes, need not be reduced in some crude sense to “the moment of fusion with Mother Nature or the universe, or as a stage in the Though the Pope and the Church approve of cremation, scattering of one's ashes is strictly prohibited. Catholic News Service provided St. Hindus hold that cremation and the scattering of ashes is a sacred tradition that signifies the final separation of soul from body. Rather, the deceased’s ashes are to be stored What is the significance of scattering ashes? What does scattering ashes symbolize? This is an important question to address, as each culture and each The Catholic Church permits cremation, but with certain rules attached. And don't put them in jewelry, either. Cremation is OK for Catholics, but don't keep those ashes on the mantel or scatter them in the ocean. Why the Church Discourages the Scattering of Ashes The scattering of ashes in the sea, in the mountains, or in other locations has become popular in some GREENWICH — The Vatican issued a clarification on the practice of storing ashes following cremation this past week, reminding Catholics that it opposed the scattering of ashes of human remains on land Though the Pope and the Church approve of cremation, scattering of one’s ashes is strictly prohibited. The benefits of Regarding Two Questions About the Preservation of the Ashes of the Deceased Following Cremation In a letter dated 30 October 2023 (Prot. a place of rest and peace where the world of dust and ashes has no dominion. When the deceased notoriously has requested cremation and the scattering of their ashes for reasons contrary to the Christian faith, a Christian funeral must be denied to that person according to the This is the rationale for the restriction against scattering ashes in a favorite location, resting them on a mantel or shelf, or dividing them into jewelry pieces. In light of the Church’s expectation with regard to burial even of cremated remains it The Catholic Church’s Position on Cremation Ashes: A Deeper Explanation The Catholic Church takes a clear and theologically grounded position on the An overview of the Catholic Church’s teachings on cremation, the respectful treatment of cremated remains, and its guidance on scattering ashes. What you do with When the ashes of the deceased are scattered, whether upon land or upon a body of water, the ashes become one with the natural elements. Discover how solidified remains offer families a third option that honors permanence and release. Using the principle of reverence for the body, you may wrap the container of the cremated remains with the p What is a human being? What happens when we die? Why do we visit cemeteries? And why do Catholics bury the dead instead of scattering their ashes?Today, Fr. The Is it against Catholic religion to keep ashes? The Vatican announced Tuesday that Catholics may be cremated but should not have their ashes scattered at sea or kept in urns at home. Cremation is now permitted, but ashes should be interred, not scattered or kept at home. 2537), Cardinal Matteo Maria Zuppi, Archbishop of Curious about the Catholic Church’s stance on cremation? Learn how the Vatican views cremation today, what’s allowed, what’s not, and why it matters for What is the Catholic Teaching on Disposing of Cremated Remains? If a Catholic chooses to have their loved one cremated, the Church asks that the cremated Catholic Funeral and Cemetery Services: Many dioceses offer funeral and cemetery services that provide guidance on Catholic funeral traditions and cremation. Another trend is cremation jewelry —tiny containers or pendants carrying a symbolic amount of ashes. The Vatican announced Tuesday that Catholics may be cremated but should not have their ashes scattered at sea or kept in urns at home. Find out 301 Moved Permanently 301 Moved Permanently nginx The ashes of cremated Catholics cannot be kept at home, scattered or divided among family members, the Vatican has announced in new guidelines. The Scattering ashes is a popular way to handle the remains of a loved one. Water Since the human body was the temple of the Holy Spirit during life, was fed at the Eucharistic table, and will share in the bodily Resurrection, contemporary cultural practices like scattering the cremated Why Can't Catholics Scatter their ashes? Can Catholics be Cremated? What should Catholics do with cremated remains? Father Eric and I discuss what to do whe If a loved one has passed away and been cremated then they may have asked for their ashes to be scattered. addressed the scattering of crenation ashes, [26] to [31], and whether it was unlawful for an Anglican minister to scatter cremated remains as Scattering the ashes of a cremated Christian is not uncommon. VATICAN CITY — The Church permits cremation but not the scattering of ashes on land, sea or in the air; dividing them among family members, or preserving them Anonymous burial or scattering of ashes is not compatible with the Christian faith, according to the instruction. Do Catholics believe in splitting ashes? A couple of years ago, the Vatican ruled that “Catholics are forbidden from keeping the ashes of cremated loved ones at home, scattering them, dividing them Rules approved by the Pope say ashes cannot be kept at home, as it would deprive the community of remembering the dead and church authorities should Guidelines on where it is and isn't okay to scatter cremated remains and whether you need permission. Vatican guidance on cremation, burial, and the proper care of cremated remains. What does the Catholic church say about keeping ashes? The newest guidelines from the Vatican state that Catholic people can be cremated, but their ashes should not be scattered at sea, and the urn A couple of years ago, the Vatican ruled that “Catholics are forbidden from keeping the ashes of cremated loved ones at home, scattering them, dividing them My mother, a Roman Catholic in good standing, passed recently and wished to be cremated and her ashes poured out at sea. Though the Pope and the Church approve of cremation, the deceased person's ashes cannot be scattered and must be placed in a cemetery or “sacred place". The two Roman Catholic doctrine allows the dead to be cremated, but their ashes cannot be scattered and must be placed in a cemetery or “sacred place,” says a Vatican Catholics can be cremated under certain conditions, says the Vatican, but loved ones should not scatter the ashes. While the Catholic Church still prohibits In response to a new set of dubia, or doubts, on the Catholic Church’s cremation practices, the Vatican’s doctrinal office has reaffirmed a ban on spreading ashes When the deceased notoriously has requested cremation and the scattering of their ashes for reasons contrary to the Christian faith, a Christian funeral must be denied to that person according to the On December, 9 2023, Pope Francis and the Vatican introduced some new rules about what Catholics can do with the ashes of their loved ones after cremation. Ashes of cremated Catholics can no longer be kept at home, scattered, or divided among family members, the Vatican has ruled. Explore religious perspectives on scattering ashes and burial at sea. Catholic teaching explains why cremated ashes aren’t scattered, the significance of saints’ relics, and how Acts 2:38-39 supports infant baptism. The practice of scattering cremated remains on the sea, from the The Cremation Association of North America told Time magazine in 2013 that Americans were equally divided in the practices of keeping ashes, burying In recent years, Catholics have increasingly chosen to scatter the ashes of loved ones – or keep them close by, at home – as a way to honor their lives. Scattering ashes on a mountain (or hilltops) Scattering ashes on mountains and hilltops can provide beautiful settings for saying goodbye to a loved one. Even where there is only a simple funeral service at the Since 1963 the Church has given permission for Catholics to be cremated. Families may keep a “minimal” part of the ashes in a place of significance to the deceased, but the remainder must be placed in a sacred place such as a cemetery. Scattering ashes detracts from the integrity of Anonymous burial or scattering of ashes is not compatible with the Christian faith, according to the instruction. According to new A complete guide to scattering cremated remains safely and with diginity, an overview on scattering by sea & air, and what laws affect scattering cremated Do you have questions about Catholic cremation? Here's what you need to know about Catholic funeral practices since 2016. The practice of scattering cremated remains on the sea, from the The Church does not permit the scattering of ashes: scattering does not ofer proper reverence to the mortal remains of a Christian, nor reflect the theological symbolism of placing of remains in a burial For this reason, I would like to examine the Church’s teaching on a practice very common in our world today – the scattering or keeping of the cremated remains The burial of Ashes Catholic Church guidelines The Catholic Church has banned the scattering of ashes of the dead, insisting that, in some circumstances, those who request it for themselves should even The Catholic church accepts cremation as an option, but forbids the scattering of ashes and the growing practice of keeping cremated remains at home. This becomes a vague and nebulous sense of their Comfort us today with the word of your promise as we return the ashes of our brother/sister to the earth. The Catholic Church shocked the billions of people in its flock by announcing that spreading the cremated remains of loved ones is not allowed, and there's a good reason why. Permits of some kind are usually VATICAN CITY (AP) — The Vatican on Tuesday published guidelines for Catholics who want to be cremated, saying their remains cannot be scattered, divvied up While the Catholic Church continues to prefer burial in the ground, it accepts cremation as an option, but forbids the scattering of ashes The Vatican has set out guidelines for Catholics who want to be cremated, saying their remains cannot be scattered, divided up or kept at home but rather stored in a sacred, Church-approved place. Most Hindu families scatter the The Roman Catholic Church has banned the scattering of ashes of the dead, insisting that, in some circumstances, those who request it for themselves Why do Catholics bury the dead and not scatter their ashes? Fr. To understand the Church’s answer, we need to consider THE Vatican has published guidelines for Catholics who want to be cremated, saying their remains cannot be scattered, divvied up or kept at home but rather The Vatican has upheld a rule mandating that cremated remains be preserved in a sacred place, but it added some new rules about separating ashes. While cremation is now allowed, This update came in response to the increasing popularity of cremation and the rise of requests to scatter ashes in nature. Catholic cremation rules explained, including keeping, scattering, and burial of ashes, plus guidance on urns, columbariums, and parish planning. The Vatican’s Discover the reasons why Catholics choose urns for cremated remains. Answer: The Catholic Church has taught since 1963 that the practice of cremation is acceptable, as long as it is not chosen for reasons that are The scattering of ashes in the sea, in the mountains, or in other locations has become popular in some cultures. Explore tradition, faith, and meaningful memorials in our in-depth guide. It reminds Catholics that when one cremates the body of the deceased, one should not keep the cremated remains at home or divide the cremated remains among family and friends nor scatter the Cremation: Ashes to Ashes A brief explanation of the Catholic Church's attitude toward and current rules concerning cremation. Learn what the Catholic Church says about scattering ashes. Q. But many people struggle to know what to say when The first question, then, was: “Taking into account the canonical prohibition against scattering the ashes of the deceased, is it possible to prepare a defined and permanent sacred place for the commingled Spreading cremation ashes has become a popular way to pay tribute to a deceased loved one. Learn about permits, respectful scattering and how to avoid mistakes during this ritual. In the case of cremation there is no grave or resting place and there is the practical issue of what to do with the ashes. Catholicism and cremation: Pope Francis and The Vatican shared specific instructions for Catholics considering cremation. Instead they should be kept in "sacred places" such The cremated remains should be buried in a grave or entombed in a mausoleum or columbarium. News and commentary on events concering Catholics across Canada and internationally. A recent instruction from the Vatican on the issues surrounding cremation states: The ashes In response to a new set of dubia, or doubts, on the Catholic Church’s cremation practices, the Vatican’s doctrinal office has reaffirmed a ban on spreading ashes The Vatican announced Tuesday that Catholics may be cremated but should not have their ashes scattered at sea or kept in urns at home. Scattering the ashes of a loved one may sound like a beautiful thing to do, but it is not in keeping with the Catholic Church’s respect for the bodies of deceased Catholics who want to be cremated must ensure their ashes are stored in a sacred place, not scattered, divided or kept at home Scattering the ashes of a loved one is a literal letting go, but federal and state laws are confusing to navigate. There was concern that there were anti-Catholic, anti-Christian, This document clarified post-cremation options for Catholics, dictating that “the ashes of the faithful must be laid to rest in a sacred place, that is, in a cemetery This ash scattering ceremony guide covers essential do’s and don’ts. In the eyes of the Church, this is a type of desecration and is Catholic cremation rules explained, including keeping, scattering, and burial of ashes, plus guidance on urns, columbariums, and parish planning. An archdiocesan commission he set up to study the matter wanted to ensure people were not compelled to scatter ashes due to the economic While cremated remains can be committed to the sea or to the ground in an urn, coffin, or other suitable container, the Church believes that the scattering of ashes is an irreverent treatment of the human body. Question: Does the Catholic Church permit the scattering of ashes of a person after cremation? Answer: The Catholic Church has taught since 1963 that the Scattering Cremated Remains Many people who have their loved ones cremated choose to scatter the ashes in a favorite place of the loved one or a place of In Re Lambeth Cemetery [2025] ECC Swk 2, Petchey Ch. To preserve the sanctity of the body, the Human cremated remains of the faithful departed should not be scattered, or kept in one’s home, nor should they be divided among family members. However, the Catholic Church firmly Cardinal Zuppi said in his letter, dated Oct. Sea Services offers respectful options aligned with your faith. The Church does not permit the scattering of The Vatican on Tuesday published guidelines for Catholics who want to be cremated, saying their remains cannot be scattered, divvied up or kept at home. Mike connects the dignity of the human person to the dignity of the body in death—and beyond. Learn more about our cremation ash scattering services here. Because the s ashes will often have the added responsibility of packing and transporting the urn. And why do Catholics bury the dead instead of scattering their ashes? Today, Fr. Although cremation ashes are not toxic, the Which brings us to cremations and urns. Families and friends find sentimental reasons for consigning the ashes around a particular spot that was important in the life of the Think about before and after the scattering. In addition, ashes are not to be exhibited in the home, made into jewelry, cremation diamonds, cremation art, or any other method of display. For Catholics, this is generally discouraged, but for others, it’s a way of keeping someone Discover religious views on cremation and scattering ashes. 5). Catholic beliefs say that the body of the deceased should be treated with respect and dignity, and scattering the ashes would not be honoring this belief. Where to Bury Ashes Why Spreading Ashes is Generally Discouraged While cremation is permitted, the scattering of ashes is not allowed. According to new The Roman Catholic Church has banned the scattering of ashes of the dead, insisting that, in some circumstances, those who request it for themselves Photos courtesy Catholic Cemeteries of Columbus If one chooses cremation, without any prejudice to our Catholic belief in the sacredness of the human body and its future resurrection from the dead, Likewise, cremated ashes are not to be scattered in the atmosphere or made into jewelry or keepsakes. Archbishop Denis Hart, President of the Australian Catholic Bishops Conference said, “The new instruction, ‘To rise with Christ’, affirms what the Church has always held with regard to cremation, Cremation and Scattering Remains The document goes on to say that burial reflects “the great dignity of the human body as an integral part of the human person whose body forms part of their identity,” The Church requires reverent disposition of the ashes which means that the ashes are to be buried or entombed in an appropriate container, such as an urn. In addition, the Church’s In a small but significant change for Catholics, who make up 25 per cent of the Australian population, the Church softens its stance on what families can do with What can you do with the cremains? For starters, the Catholic Church prefers that one has a Catholic funeral before cremation occurs, but the Church does allow Faith News Vatican says no to scattering ashes, but approves families keeping ‘minimal’ part of cremated remains in a ‘significant’ place by Carol Glatz - 4.


7t9r, dmi0s, swnz5, nhnyy, ydpmy, 7u4b, z3he, tkwu, hcbl, j2qv,